Combined cardiovascular disease is a severe life-threatening factor among chronic renal failure patients. Coexisted factors may combine to cause cardiovascular diseases. We'll focus on the main causes and clinical manifestations of combined cardiovascular diseases in chronic renal failure patients.
Main causes of combined cardiovascular diseases in chronic renal failure patients mainly include:
1. Atherosclerosis
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Atherosclerosis is a main cardiovascular complication in end-stage renal failure. The functioning mechanism mainly include:
1> mechanical endostatin, which is mainly caused by high blood pressure and shear stress changes
2>metabolic factors, including fat and sugar metabolism disorder, high hemocysteine and smoking
3> other factors, such as calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder and lack of vitamin E
Atherosclerosis can cause remodeling insufficient myocardial blood supply, change heart structure and cause the remodeling of arterial structure.
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2. High blood pressure
The incidence of combined high blood pressure in chronic renal failure patients reaches up to 70 to 80 percent. There are several reasons for combined high blood pressure in renal failure patients, including: water and sodium retention, decreased antihypertensive medicines(such as PGE2, PGI2, bradykinin and medullary fat buck), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system adjustment disorder and so on. High blood pressure can cause ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac enlargement and arrhythmia and so on.
3. Cardiomyopathy
Cardiomyopathy refers to specific myocardial dysfunction caused by Uremia. Main causes of cardiomyopathy mainly include: uremic toxins, lipid metabolism disorder, carnitine deficiency and dialysis-related amyloidosis.
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2. Pericarditis and pericardial effusion
In some patients, pericarditis can be caused by accumulated toxins. In this condition, pericarditis can be improved two to four weeks after dialysis. In some other patients, pericarditis can occur after dialysis. Patients with combined pericarditis may experience persistent chest pains and fever of various degrees.
