Chronic Kidney Disease is caused by many reasons with damage to kidneys
≥3months, with or without decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR). The damage
to kidneys means the abnormal renal structure or renal functions, and its main
symptoms include：1.abnormal pathology. 2. detections of renal damage like
abnormal blood urine or abnormal renal image. Or the lasting time of
GFR<60ml/min.1.73 m2 is more than 3months with or without renal damage. For
old people, babies, vegetarian, people with unilateral kidney, doctors should
diagnose Chronic Renal Insufficiency with GFR 60-90 ml/min∙1.73m2 combining with
other factors.
Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Stage 1: Renal Damage. GFR is normal or increase(GFR≥90 ml/min∙1.73m2). in
this stage, patients should pay much attention to the diagnosis and treatment to
delay the worsening process.
Stage 2: Renal Damage. GFR decreases lightly(GFR 60-89 ml/min∙1.73m2). at
this period, due to the tremendous compensatory of kidneys, even though there
are some damages of kidneys, the functions like toxin and metabolic waste
expelling, regulation of water and electrolytes are normal. Therefore, in this
stage, there are not still obvious symptoms, and patients should estimate the
worsening process and the worsening speed.
Stage 3 Chronic Kidney Disease: Moderate decrease of GFR, namely Renal Insufficiency. GFR 30-59
ml/min∙1.73m2. There are much damage to glomeruli. Creatinine and urine nitrogen
increase and are higher than the normal level. In this stage, the main symptoms
include anemia, fatigue, lighter weight, inattention and so on. But these
symptoms are not serious. If there are infection, bleeding and other conditions,
it is easy to have obvious symptoms.
Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) Stage 4: Renal Failure. Renal functions have been damaged seriously. at the
moment, GFR decrease sharply15-29 ml/min∙1.73m2. kidneys can’t maintain the
stability of inner environment. In this stage, patients are easy to feel severe
fatigue, tiredness, inattention, anemia, more enuresis nocturna, increased serum
creatinine and urea nitrogen, as well as acid poisoning.
Stage 5: GFR decreases to below 15 ml/min∙1.73m2. this stage is also called
Uremia or end stage of Renal Insufficiency. In this stage, the damaged gloleruli
occupy over 95%. More severe symptoms occur, such as serious vomiting, nausea,
oliguria, swelling, vicious Hypertension, severe anemia, skin itch, ammoniacal
odour in the mouth, and so on.
Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) has become the third killer of human being,
following Heart Disease and Hypertension. Because CKD is an underlying disease,
it is not easy to de found in the early stage. Patients don’t find CKD until
they feel obvious symptoms. Therefore, people should take care of their daily
diet and take medical tests in fixed time.
