Phlebothrombosis is one of the complications of CKD, which can lead to the renal function decline.
Hypercoagulability exists in kidney for Nephrotic Syndrome patients, mainly because the change of blood coagulation factor in blood including the increase in fibrinogen, β-thrombus globulin and platelet and the reducing vitality of antithrombin and antiplasmin. In this case, thrombosis easily takes place. Antibiotic, hormone and hydragogue can aggravate the occurrence of phlebothrombosis. If Nephrotic syndrome patients have less than 2.0g/dl plasma albumin, the risk of phlebothrombosis increases. The Nephrotic Syndrome patients with acute phlebothrombosis may have the symptoms such as hematuresis, leucocyturia and urine protein, and their renal function declines. The Nephrotic Syndrome patients with chronic phlebothrombosis have no symptom, but the renal blood stasis often makes the proteinuria increase.
To solve the problem of phlebothrombosis, we have to apply a kind of medicine which has little side effect. Chinese medicine is derived from natural plant which has little side effect. Micro-Chinese Medicine may be the best choice. The prescriptions were superfinely shattered to make the effective ingredients released out. The most important functions of Micro-Chinese Medicine are to dilate blood vessels and anti-coagulate, which proved effective to solve the phlebothrombosis. In this way can the stasis be eliminated finally. Then the renal function is restored and the patients recover in the end.
Sometimes Chronic Kidney Disease patients may have skin problems which can haunt CKD patients all the time though it is not so severe that it threatens the life of CKD patients. Skin disorders associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) can markedly affect a patient's quality of life and can negatively impact their mental and physical health.
Uremic pruritus, which is frequently encountered in patients with CKD, is considered to be an inflammatory Immunotherapyic disease rather than a local skin disorder. Biomarkers of inflammation are increased in patients with uremic pruritus and an imbalance of the endogenous opioidergic Immunotherapy might be involved in the complex pathogenesis of the disease. Treatment options for uremic pruritus include emollients, topical capsaicin cream, ultraviolet B phototherapy, gabapentin, oral activated charcoal and nalfurafine, a -opioid-receptor agonist. Calcific uremic arteriolopathy is triggered by an imbalance of promoters and inhibitors of vascular calcification, caused by the inflammatory changes that occur in uremia. Promising therapeutic strategies for calcific uremic arteriolopathy include bisphosphonates and intravenous sodium thiosulfate. Nephrogenic Immunotherapyic fibrosis is a devastating condition associated with the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in patients with CKD.
At present, no therapies are available for this complication. Preventive measures include use of iodine-based contrast agents, particularly in patients with CKD stage 4 and 5. If gadolinium contrast is necessary, administration of low volumes of the more stable macrocyclic ionic types of gadolinium-based contrast agent is advocated. Hemodialysis following gadolinium exposure might offer benefits but evidence is lacking.
