Kidney is one of the vital organs of our human people. Its basic function is to produce urine and passingly, carry off metabolin and toxic substances. Moreover, renal tubule which is one of the major tissues of kidney reabsorbs the nutrient substance, so as to keep the normal operation of our body. The working condition of our kidneys is measured through glomerular filtration rate.
If there are renal damages and even if glomerular filtration rate is more than 90mL/min/1.73 m2, then this situation also can be diagnosed as Chronic Kidney Disease, but in stage one. In this stage, high blood pressure(High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease) usually appears among patients.
When glomerular filtration rate decreases to 60~89mL/min/1.73 m2 with existence of renal damage, then it indicates that Chronic Kidney Disease has run to stage two. Apart from high blood pressure, mild increase of parathyrin is another sign of this stage.
With the aggravation of this disease, glomerular filtration rate keep decreasing and when it ranges between 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2, then we can say the disease has developed into stage three. In this stage, owing to the great decrease of renal function, many symptoms will emerge. For instance, people are easy to feel tired which arises from renal anemia. Swelling and urinary changes are also the obvious symptoms during this stage. Urinary changes include oliguria, polyuria, hematuria(Hematuria and Kidney Disease), uroclepsia and nocturia.
In stage four, glomerular filtration rate is on the range of 15~29mL/min/1.73 m2. In this stage, symptoms appearing in sage three are more obvious. Moreover, hyperkalemia and low sexual desire also occur.
Stage five is the last stage of Chronic Kidney Disease, with glomerular filtration rate less than 1560~89mL/min/1.73 m2. During this stage, vomit, low appetite, and itchy skin are also the dominant symptoms. Furthermore, patients in this stage usually have undergone dialysis.
